Managing Behavioural Changes in Adults with Brain Injuries

Caring for an adult living with a brain injury is a challenging and emotional journey. The impact of such injuries often extends far beyond physical limitations, profoundly affecting the person’s behaviour and personality.

Here we provide carers with insights and practical strategies for managing behavioural changes in adults with brain injuries.

Understanding the Impact of Brain Injuries on Behaviour

Brain injuries can cause significant alterations in an individual’s behaviour, often leaving family members and carers feeling as though they’re interacting with a completely different person. Common changes include mood swings, increased aggression, apathy, and impulsivity. These shifts occur because the brain’s complex network of neural pathways, responsible for regulating emotions and behaviour, has been disrupted.

For instance, damage to the frontal lobe—the area controlling impulse regulation and decision-making—may result in sudden outbursts or inappropriate social behaviour. Injuries to the limbic system can affect emotional processing, leading to mood swings or depression. Understanding these connections helps carers approach behavioural changes with empathy and patience, recognising that these are symptoms of the injury rather than intentional actions.

Establishing a Person-centred Routine

A consistent daily routine is one of the most effective ways to manage behavioural changes. Having a structure provides a sense of security and predictability, which can significantly reduce anxiety and agitation in brain injury survivors.

When creating a routine, it’s crucial to tailor it to the individual’s needs and preferences. Consider their pre-injury lifestyle and incorporate elements that bring comfort and joy. A typical day might include set times for meals, physical therapy exercises, leisure activities, and rest periods.

To implement the routine successfully:

• Use visual aids like charts or calendars to outline daily activities

• Break tasks into smaller, manageable steps

• Allow flexibility for good and bad days
• Celebrate small achievements to boost motivation

Consistency is key. While it may take time for the carer and the patient to adjust, maintaining the routine will eventually create a more stable environment.

Effective Communication Techniques

Communication can become a huge challenge following a brain injury. Patients may struggle with speech, comprehension, or processing information. For carers, adopting effective communication strategies is vital for reducing frustration and maintaining a positive relationship. Key techniques include:

• Using simple, clear language
• Speaking slowly and allowing extra time for responses
• Minimising background distractions during conversations
• Utilising visual aids or gestures to support verbal communication
• Paying attention to non-verbal cues, as these may convey important information

It’s also important to keep in mind that brain injury survivors may have good and bad days. Remain patient and be prepared to adapt your communication style as needed.

Managing Challenging Behaviours

Dealing with challenging behaviours such as aggression, confusion, or emotional outbursts can be one of the most daunting aspects of caring for a brain injury survivor. However, with the right approach, these situations can be managed effectively.

These de-escalation techniques are crucial:

• Remain calm and speak in a soothing tone
• Give the person space if they become agitated
• Redirect attention to a different activity or topic
• Identify and remove potential triggers in the environment

It’s essential to recognise when professional help is needed. If behaviours become unmanageable or pose a risk to the individual or others, don’t hesitate to contact healthcare professionals for additional support and guidance.

Self-Care for Family Carers

At The Live In Care Company, we understand the challenges faced by family carers. We offer both long-term and respite care services, providing professional support tailored to the unique needs of brain injury survivors. Our experienced carers can provide relief and expertise, allowing family members to take much-needed breaks whilst ensuring their loved ones receive high-quality care.

Give Your Family the Care they Deserve

At the Live in Care Company, we believe your relatives should have the highest quality care and support in their golden years. We allocate only the best carers. For more information on how we can transform your family’s life, please get in touch.